Search
Close Mobile Navigation

References

Cervical Cancer and Women

Cervical Cancer and Women

  1. World Health Organization. Cervical Cancer. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  2. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  3. Skinner SR, Wheeler CM, Romanowski B, et al. Progression of HPV infection to detectable cervical lesions or clearance in adult women: Analysis of the control arm of the VIVIANE study. Int J Cancer. 2016;138(10):2428. doi:10.1002/IJC.29971
  4. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, Unger ER, Romero JR, Markowitz LE. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Adults: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.

Understanding Cervical Cancer

What are HPV and Cervical Cancer?

  1. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 6 June 2023.
  2. World Health Organization. Cervical cancer. Published 22 February 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer. Accessed 16 February 2023.
  3. Cleveland Clinic. Cervical Cancer. Published 4 May 2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12216-cervical-cancer. Accessed 15 May 2023.
  4. Bruni L, et al. Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases in Asia. ICO/IARC Information Centre on HPV and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Published 10 March 2023. https://hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/XSX.pdf. Accessed 26 April 2023.
  5. Bruni L, et al. Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases in Thailand. ICO/IARC Information Centre on HPV and Cancer (HPV Information Centre). Published 10 March 2023. https://hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/THA.pdf. Accessed 26 June 2023.
  6. Plummer M, Schiffman M, Castle PE, Maucort-Boulch D, Wheeler CM. A 2-year prospective study of human papillomavirus persistence among women with a cytological diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. J Infect Dis. 2007;195(11):1582-1589.
  7. Rodríguez AC, Schiffman M, Herrero R, et al. Rapid clearance of human papillomavirus and implications for clinical focus on persistent infections. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100(7):513-517.
  8. Brown DR, Weaver B. Editor’s choice: Human Papillomavirus in Older Women: New Infection or Reactivation? J Infect Dis. 2013;207(2):211.
  9. National Cancer Institute. Cervical Cancer Symptoms. Updated 13 October 2022. https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/symptoms. Accessed 15 May 2023.

HPV and Cervical Cancer in Thailand

  1. ICO/IARC. Thailand Human Papillomavirus and Related Cancers, Fact Sheet 2023. https://hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/THA_FS.pdf. Accessed 22 March 2023.
  2. Chanprasertpinyo W & Rerkswattavorn C. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine status and knowledge of students at a university in rural Thailand. Heliyon 6. 2020; e04625. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04625
  3. Cleveland Clinic. Cervical Cancer. Published 4 May 2023. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12216-cervical-cancer. Accessed 15 May 2023.
  4. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, Unger ER, Romero JR, Markowitz LE. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Adults: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.

How Likely am I to Get Cervical Cancer?

  1. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  2. Centers for Disease Control. Reasons to Get HPV Vaccine. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/parents/vaccine/six-reasons.html. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  3. World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus vaccines: WHO position paper (2022 update). Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9750-645-672. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  4. Centers for Disease Control. What can I do to reduce my risk of cervical cancer? Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/prevention.htm. Accessed 28 June 2023.

Impact on Men, Children & LGBTQ+

HPV Diseases in Men

  1. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  2. National Cancer Institute. HPV and Cancer. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer. Accessed 29 June 2023.
  3. Centers for Disease Control. Reasons to Get HPV Vaccine. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/parents/vaccine/six-reasons.html. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  4. Pamnani SJ, Sudenga SL, Viscidi R, et al. Impact of Serum Antibodies to HPV Serotypes 6, 11, 16, and 18 to Risks of Subsequent Genital HPV Infections in Men: The HIM Study. Cancer Res. 2016;76(20):6066-6075.
  5. Beachler DC, Jenkins G, Safaeian M, Kreimer AR, Wentzensen N. Natural Acquired Immunity Against Subsequent Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2016;213(9):1444-1454.
  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STD Facts – HPV and Men. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv-and-men.htm. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  7. Giuliano AR, Viscidi R, Torres BN, et al. Seroconversion following anal and genital HPV infection in men: The HIM study. Papillomavirus Res. 2015;1:109-115.
  8. Centers for Disease Control. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines 2021: Anogenital warts. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm. Accessed 29 June 2023.
  9. de Martel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):664-670.
  10. Roman BR, Aragones A. Epidemiology and incidence of HPV-related cancers of the head and neck. J Surg Oncol. 2021; 124(6): 920–922. doi:10.1002/jso.26687.
  11. Marra E, Lin C, Clifford GM. Type-Specific Anal Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among Men, According to Sexual Preference and HIV Status: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. J Infect Dis. 2019;219(4):590-598. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiy556
  12. Meites, E., Wilkin, T. J., & Markowitz, L. E. (2022). Review of human papillomavirus (HPV) burden and HPV vaccination for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women in the United States. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 18(1), 2016007. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2016007

HPV Diseases in Thai Men

  1. Chanprasertpinyo W, Rerkswattavorn C. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine status and knowledge of students at a university in rural Thailand. Heliyon. 2020;6(8):e04625. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04625.
  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STD Facts – HPV and Men. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv-and-men.htm. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  3. Argirion I, et al. Increasing prevalence of HPV in oropharyngeal carcinoma suggests adaptation of p16 screening in Southeast Asia. J Clin Virol. 2020;132:104637. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104637.
  4. Nilyanimit P, et al. Human Papillomavirus in Thai Women and Men with Anogenital Warts. Intervirology. 2018;61(5):223-229. doi: 10.1159/000497351.
  5. Phanuphak N, et al. Anal human papillomavirus infection among Thai men who have sex with men with and without HIV infection: prevalence, incidence, and persistence. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;63(4):472-479. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182918a5a.
  6. Khanijou P, et al. Human papillomavirus seroprevalence in young Thai men. J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2022 Mar 4;43(2):222-229. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2021.1985515.
  7. National Cancer Institute. HPV and Cancer. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer. Accessed 29 June 2023.

Protecting Children Against HPV

  1. UNICEF Thailand. Situational Analysis of Young People at High Risk of HIV Exposure in Thailand (Synthesis Report). October 2014. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/thailand/reports/situational-analysis-young-people-high-risk-hiv-exposure-thailand. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  2. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 6 June 2023.
  3. Mammas IN, Sourvinos G, Spandidos DA. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr. 2009;168:267–273. doi 10.1007/s00431-008-0882-z.
  4. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about HPV vaccination Information for parents and caregivers. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/356841/Q-and-A_HPV_Parents_EN.pdf. Accessed 17 February 2023.

Protecting the LGBTQ+ Community

  1. National Cancer Institute. HPV and Cancer. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer. Accessed 29 June 2023.
  2. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  3. Meites E, Wilkin TJ & Markowitz LE. Review of human papillomavirus (HPV) burden and HPV vaccination for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women in the United States. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. 2022;18(1), 2016007. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2016007.
  4. Seay J, et al. Understanding Transgender Men’s Experiences with and Preferences for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Rapid Assessment Survey. LGBT Health. 2017;4(4), 304–309. doi:10.1089/lgbt.2016.0143.
  5. Waterman L & Voss J. HPV, cervical cancer risks, and barriers to care for lesbian women. The Nurse Practitioner. 2015;40(1):p 46-53. doi: 10.1097/01.NPR.0000457431.20036.5c
  6. Marra E, Lin C, Clifford GM. Type-Specific Anal Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among Men, According to Sexual Preference and HIV Status: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. J Infect Dis. 2019;219(4):590-598. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiy556.
  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STD Facts – HPV and Men. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv-and-men.htm. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  8. Singh V, Gratzer B, Gorbach PM, et al. Transgender Women Have Higher Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Than Men Who Have Sex With Men-Two U.S. Cities, 2012-2014. Sex Transm Dis. 2019;46(10):657-662. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001051
  9. Canadian Cancer Society. As a trans woman, do I need to get screened for cervical cancer? https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/find-cancer-early/screening-in-lgbtq-communities/as-a-trans-woman-do-i-need-to-get-screened-for-cervical-cancer. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  10. Dhillon N, Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Krist J. Bridging Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening in Transgender Men: A Scoping Review. Am J Mens Health. 2020;14(3):1557988320925691. doi:10.1177/1557988320925691

HPV Prevention

Who Needs HPV Prevention?

  1. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, Unger ER, Romero JR, Markowitz LE. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Adults: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.
  2. World Health Organization. Cervical cancer. Published 22 February 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer. Accessed 16 February 2023.
  3. Chesson HW, Dunne EF, Hariri S, et al. The estimated lifetime probability of acquiring human papillomavirus in the United States. Sex Transm Dis. 2014;41(11):660-664.
  4. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 6 June 2023.
  5. Pamnani SJ, Sudenga SL, Viscidi R, et al. Impact of Serum Antibodies to HPV Serotypes 6, 11, 16, and 18 to Risks of Subsequent Genital HPV Infections in Men: The HIM Study. Cancer Res. 2016;76(20):6066-6075.
  6. Beachler DC, Jenkins G, Safaeian M, Kreimer AR, Wentzensen N. Natural Acquired Immunity Against Subsequent Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2016;213(9):1444-1454.
  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STD Facts – HPV and Men. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv-and-men.htm. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  8. UNICEF Thailand. Situational Analysis of Young People at High Risk of HIV Exposure in Thailand (Synthesis Report). October 2014. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/thailand/reports/situational-analysis-young-people-high-risk-hiv-exposure-thailand. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  9. Marra E, Lin C, Clifford GM. Type-Specific Anal Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among Men, According to Sexual Preference and HIV Status: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. J Infect Dis. 2019;219(4):590-598. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiy556
  10. Meites, E., Wilkin, T. J., & Markowitz, L. E. (2022). Review of human papillomavirus (HPV) burden and HPV vaccination for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women in the United States. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 18(1), 2016007. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2016007
  11. Dhillon N, Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Krist J. Bridging Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening in Transgender Men: A Scoping Review. Am J Mens Health. 2020;14(3):1557988320925691. doi: 10.1177/1557988320925691
  12. Singh V, Gratzer B, Gorbach PM, et al. Transgender Women Have Higher Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Than Men Who Have Sex With Men-Two U.S. Cities, 2012-2014. Sex Transm Dis. 2019;46(10):657-662. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001051
  13. Canadian Cancer Society. As a trans woman, do I need to get screened for cervical cancer? https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/find-cancer-early/screening-in-lgbtq-communities/as-a-trans-woman-do-i-need-to-get-screened-for-cervical-cancer. Accessed 28 June 2023.

Diseases Caused by HPV

  1. de Martel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):664-670.
  2. Centers for Disease Control. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines 2021: Anogenital warts. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm. Accessed 29 June 2023.
  3. Centers for Disease Control. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines 2021: Human papillomavirus Infection. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/hpv.htm. Accessed 29 June 2023.
  4. ICO/IARC. Thailand Human Papillomavirus and Related Cancers, Fact Sheet 2023. Available at: https://hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/THA_FS.pdf. Accessed 28 June 2023.

HPV Prevention Measurement

  1. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  2. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, Unger ER, Romero JR, Markowitz LE. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Adults: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.
  3. Cervarix (Human papillomavirus bivalent vaccine, Recombinant). Local Package Insert. GlaxoSmithKline (Thailand) Co. Ltd; 2018.
  4. Gardasil (Human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine, Recombinant). Local Package Insert. MSD Company (Thailand) Co. Ltd; 2019.
  5. Gardasil 9 (Human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine, Recombinant). Prescribing Information. Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC; 2023.
  6. ICO/IARC. Thailand Human Papillomavirus and Related Cancers, Fact Sheet 2023. Available at: https://hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/THA_FS.pdf. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  7. RTCOG. Clinical Practice Guideline on Cervical Cancer Screening 2021. Available at: https://online.anyflip.com/eqcch/frvb/mobile/index.html#p=144. Accessed 28 June 2023.

Expert Views

Expert Views

  1. Centers for Disease Control. Administering the HPV vaccine. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/hpv/hcp/administration.html#vaccine-information. Accessed 3 August 2023.
  2. Chulalongkorn Hospital Thai Red Cross Society. Assorted questions about the COVID-19 vaccination. Available at: https://chulalongkornhospital.go.th/kcmh/line/สารพันคำถามกับการฉีดวั/. Accessed 3 August 2023.
  3. Gardasil 9 (Human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine, Recombinant). Product Circular. MSD (Thailand) Co. Ltd; 2021. LPI-V503-I-022021.
  4. RTCOG Clinical Practice Guideline 2021. Primary Prevention of Cervical Cancer. Available at: https://online.anyflip.com/eqcch/frvb/mobile/index.html#p=144. Accessed 3 August 2023.
  5. Infectious Disease Society of Thailand. Recommendations for vaccination for adults and the elderly. May 2023
  6. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Questions and answers about human papillomavirus (HPV). January 2020. Document number: WHO/EURO:2020-5631-45396-64962. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/360807. Accessed 28 June 2023.
  7. Centers for Disease Control. Guidelines for Vaccinating Pregnant Women. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pregnancy/hcp-toolkit/guidelines.html. Accessed 3 August 2023.
  8. Cervarix (Human papillomavirus bivalent vaccine, Recombinant). Product Circular. GlaxoSmithKline (Thailand) Co. Ltd; 2015. GDS024/IPI019.
  9. Gardasil (Human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine, Recombinant). Product Circular. MSD (Thailand) Co. Ltd; 2020; THL-V501-l-042019.
  10. ICO/IARC. Thailand Human Papillomavirus and Related Cancers, Fact Sheet 2023. Available at: https://hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/THA_FS.pdf. Accessed 28 June 2023.